triptico.com is a Fediverse instance that uses the ActivityPub protocol. In other words, users at this host can communicate with people that use software like Mastodon, Pleroma, Friendica, etc. all around the world.
This server runs the snac software and there is no automatic sign-up process.
We may be in the market to hire a part-time FreeBSD and Bastille sysadmin (~20hrs week) specifically in the EMEA or APAC timezones (eventually both).
The roles require experience with FreeBSD, Bastille, nginx, and at least one useful coding language.
Timeline is mid-to-late 2026 to start.
Any of our EU / APAC friends want to come work part-time with the Bastille creator on a cybersecurity startup?
landing D56087 tomorrow. i don't care if someone finds a bug that causes your computer to explode when updating, this shit is going in the tree.
Today I delivered to a client the first installation of Sylve on FreeBSD that I have prepared. He knows well that we are still behind, but he wants to experiment.
For now, extremely satisfied!
Thank you, @hayzam !
@downey As far as I am concerned, direct #Claude contributions to #FreeBSD are automatically #shitcanned if I have any say in the matter. These people are scum peddling #wooconcepts and relying on the general population's relative ignorance of how the technology actually works.
This morning I decided to update my Raspberry Pi 4 to the latest patch of FreeBSD 15.0-RELEASE. It's a UFS setup, running in read-only mode, as I mentioned in a previous post: https://it-notes.dragas.net/2024/05/31/freebsd-tips-and-tricks-native-ro-rootfs/
I remounted it in rw, rebooted, and started the process... halfway through, a power surge hit and everything shut down.
TIL: UFS is quite resilient to these situations, even on an SD card, and even during a freebsd-update.
Today I'm grumpy with whomever updated the AdguardHome pkg in #FreeBSD and completely broke it trying to shoehorn in `portacl`.
None of the configuration steps in the pkg-message are successful. I can no longer even start the DNS server.
TIL about #jemalloc, a scalable concurrent malloc(3) implementation for #FreeBSD and #Linux, only to find out it had its 20th birthday a few days ago! 🎂
Check out the original paper on https://papers.freebsd.org/2006/bsdcan/evans-jemalloc/
Cleaning Up Critical Infrastructure in FreeBSD
Sustainable open source requires more than new features. It demands disciplined security work, clear visibility into dependencies, and long-term maintainability.
Through the Beach Cleaning Project, funded by the Alpha-Omega Project, we strengthened the FreeBSD base system by improving third-party software tracking, advancing SBOM tooling, and aligning security processes for future resilience.
Read more:
https://freebsdfoundation.org/blog/cleaning-up-critical-infrastructure-in-freebsd/
#FreeBSD
Latest 𝗩𝗮𝗹𝘂𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗡𝗲𝘄𝘀 - 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟲/𝟬𝟰/𝟮𝟬 (Valuable News - 2026/04/20) available.
https://vermaden.wordpress.com/2026/04/20/valuable-news-2026-04-20/
Past releases: https://vermaden.wordpress.com/news/
#verblog #vernews #news #bsd #freebsd #openbsd #netbsd #linux #unix #zfs #opnsense #ghostbsd #solaris #vermadenday
Added 𝗨𝗣𝗗𝗔𝗧𝗘 𝟭 - 𝗔𝗱𝗱𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗙𝗲𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 [UPDATE 1 - Additional Features and Clarification] to the 𝗙𝗿𝗲𝗲𝗕𝗦𝗗 𝗜𝗺𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗕𝘂𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗲𝗿/𝗜𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗲𝗿 𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗺𝗴(𝟴) 𝗧𝗼𝗼𝗹 article.
https://vermaden.wordpress.com/2026/04/15/freebsd-image-builder-installer-verimg-tool#UPDATE1
Episode 13 of Dark Blue Weekly released
https://darkblueproject.com/sites/news/dbw-e13.php
#darkblueweekly #darkblueproject #linux #bsd #freebsd #ghostbsd #solusos #linuxkernel #openssl #opensource #freesoftware
Could anyone give me any pointers on the tooling for the #FreeBSD Documentation Project?
I really like its style (and its use of #AsciiDoc) and would like to do something similar for the #Psion Documentation Project.
EDIT: I might already have my answer here: https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/fdp-primer/overview/
https://www.iqiipi.com/the-quiet-colossus.html
Should we rewrite BSDs in Ada/SPARK!?
#runbsd #FreeBSD #NetBSD #OpenBSD
I usually watch videos in #English. Recently I came across a few #FreeBSD videos on YouTube in #Italian, and wow, so much #misinformation and #fakenews 🫣
It would take just 5 to 10 minutes of reading the main handbook or even a quick look at a few man pages to avoid saying so many incorrect things.
The strangest part is that some users had commented with links to the official documentation, but those comments were removed. 🙁
so i'm looking at supporting ZFS boot on FreeBSD/powerpc64. i think this should actually be quite simple: we have a standalone utility library for the boot loaders called libsa which supports reading from ZFS, and we already have the glue to hook libsa up to OpenFirmware since loader(8) uses that for UFS boot.
the current boot process is that OFW loads boot1.chrp from the prep-boot partition, then boot1.chrp finds the UFS partition, loads /boot/loader from there and starts it, then /boot/loader loads the kernel (+modules) and boots it.
most of the work will be writing a new boot1.chrp that uses libsa instead of its own hand-rolled UFS code, which will automatically support reading ZFS as well once we enable ZFS in libsa for powerpc. the new boot1.chrp will be quite a bit larger (it's currently 31KB), but we have 800KB of physical address space to play with, so that should be fine. (to make it any larger, we'd have to change the kernel load address.)
this doesn't cover the bsdinstall changes needed to support installing on ZFS, which i'm trying to avoid looking at since i dislike working on bsdinstall...
Successfully virtualized a MikroTik Router ("Cloud Hosted Router") on FreeBSD 15.0-RELEASE with BHYVE
Works absolutely great (920 Mbit/s throughput on a 1GBps license!)
Finally pulled the ripchord on #FreeBSD's sylve.
So far, I like it, I like it a lot! I've only scratched the surface, but I like what I am seeing already.
BLOG POST: The FreeBSD Bug Report That Wouldn't Die (And Didn't)
https://stevengharms.com/posts/2026-04-14-the-freebsd-bug-report-that-wouldnt-die-and-didnt/
Thanks to @grahamperrin for assistance.
From Analog Phone to FreeBSD Server Interface
In his latest write-up, Alexander Deplov restores a vintage Panasonic desk phone and connects it to a FreeBSD server via a Grandstream HT801 and Asterisk, turning the handset into a physical command menu.
If you’re interested in creative integrations or bridging old devices with modern systems, this is worth a read.
Read the full article:
https://interfacecraft.online/blog/2026/desktop-phone-connected-to-freebsd-server/
#FreeBSD #OpenSource #BSD #Telephony #Asterisk #HardwareIntegration
New 𝗙𝗿𝗲𝗲𝗕𝗦𝗗 𝗜𝗺𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗕𝘂𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗲𝗿/𝗜𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗲𝗿 𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗺𝗴(𝟴) 𝗧𝗼𝗼𝗹 [FreeBSD Image Builder/Installer verimg(8) Tool] article on vermaden.wordpress.com blog.
https://vermaden.wordpress.com/2026/04/15/freebsd-image-builder-installer-verimg-tool/
#verblog #freebsd #image #vmimage #build #install #unattended #automation
RE: https://social.treehouse.systems/@thesamesam/116406584274197466
#FreeBSD folks: #Poudriere needs something like this.
For *BSD fans, I wish to understand something that truly bothers me.
You are a fan of one or more BSD os. Is that BSD (doesn't matter which one) your daily driver, your primary OS on your main computer?
#BSD #FreeBSD #OpenBSD #NetBSD
| Actually, my main is Mac OS: | 98 |
| Actually, my main is Linux: | 191 |
| Actually, my main is Windows: | 13 |
| Indeed it is! My primary OS is BSD (reply below): | 139 |
We’re pleased to share an article from the Q1 2026 issue of the FreeBSD Journal, focused on Laptop/Desktop.
In “Let Sleeping CPUs Lie — S0ix,” Aymeric Wibo 🇵🇸 Wibo explores modern laptop power management and what really happens when your system goes to sleep.
Read the full article:
https://freebsdfoundation.org/our-work/journal/browser-based-edition/laptop-desktop/let-sleeping-cpus-lie-s0ix/
#FreeBSD #FreeBSDJournal #OpenSource #LaptopSupport #PowerManagement
Latest quarterly FreeBSD package upgrade broke my Nextcloud 😮💨
Post mortem: The new version of php85-pdo_pgsql is now compiled against PostgreSQL 18, not 17. So pkg upgrade removed postgresql17-server, leaving Nextcloud dysfunctional without a database.
Solution:
- Reinstalled postgresql17-server
- Dumped the db with pg_dump
- Installed postgresql18-server & php85-pdo_pgsql
- Copied over pg_hba.conf & postgresql.conf
- Created empty db/user in PG18
- Imported the db dump
- Ran occ maintenance:data-fingerprint
Restarted php-fpm & nginx
All fine again. But that was unpleasant 🙂
The BSDCan 2026 schedule has been published, https://www.bsdcan.org/2026/timetable/timetable-all.html
You can register for the conference, which runs June 17 - 20, 2026 at https://www.bsdcan.org/2026/registration.html @bsdcan #bsdcan #ottawa #freebsd #netbsd #openbsd #development #sysadmin #devops #libresoftware #freesoftware
Do you want to come to Brussels, mingle with BSD people, perhaps do a talk, a tutorial or a BOF session?
The Call for papers https://2026.eurobsdcon.org/cfp/ is open until June 20th, for the conference in Brussels September 9-13, 2026.
We also offer pre-submission guidance/mentoring, as described in the CFP document.
Wonder what BSD and the conferences are about? See https://nxdomain.no/~peter/what_is_bsd_come_to_a_conference_to_find_out.html
@EuroBSDCon #freebsd #netbsd #openbsd #freesoftware #libresoftware #brussels #bruxelles
The BSDCan 2026 Schedule has been posted. 30 regular talks, one set of lightning talks, and one Audio BoF: https://www.bsdcan.org/2026/timetable/timetable-all.html
Both FreeBSD and NetBSD will be holding two day Dev Summits across the hall from each other in DMS.
https://wiki.freebsd.org/DevSummit/202606
https://www.netbsd.org/gallery/events.html#bsdcan2026
Just like last year, the reception on Saturday night is free if you register early. This year you must register before May 1, 2026: https://www.bsdcan.org/2026/registration.html
startsway.sh and modified for mango but still no keyboard ???Please boost for a larger reach. ❤️
Latest 𝗩𝗮𝗹𝘂𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗡𝗲𝘄𝘀 - 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟲/𝟬𝟰/𝟭𝟯 (Valuable News - 2026/04/13) available.
https://vermaden.wordpress.com/2026/04/13/valuable-news-2026-04-13/
Past releases: https://vermaden.wordpress.com/news/
#verblog #vernews #news #bsd #freebsd #openbsd #netbsd #linux #unix #zfs #opnsense #ghostbsd #solaris #vermadenday
This weekend is the perfect time to get your #eurobsdcon submissions done!
The Call for papers https://2026.eurobsdcon.org/cfp/ is open until June 20th, for the conference in Brussels September 9-13, 2026.
We also offer pre-submission guidance/mentoring, see within.
Wonder what BSD and the conferences are about? See https://nxdomain.no/~peter/what_is_bsd_come_to_a_conference_to_find_out.html
@EuroBSDCon #freebsd #netbsd #openbsd #freesoftware #libresoftware #brussels #bruxelles
In the world of BSD conferendes, BSDCan 2026 https://bsdcan.org is next, on June 17-20 in Ottawa, Canada.
Read more about the BSD conferences in "What is BSD? Come to a conference to find out!" https://nxdomain.no/~peter/what_is_bsd_come_to_a_conference_to_find_out.html #netbsd #openbsd #freebsd #conference #freesoftware #libresoftware #development #networking #sysadmin
We’ve published the second monthly report (March 2026) for the Cyber Resilience Act Readiness project, part of our ongoing 2026 effort to prepare the FreeBSD community for the European Union’s cybersecurity regulation.
Read the March report: https://github.com/FreeBSDFoundation/all-projects/blob/main/Cyber%20Resilience%20Act%20Readiness/monthly-updates/2026-03.md
#FreeBSD #OpenSource #Security #CyberResilienceAct #CRA #Community
On FreeBSD 15.0-RELEASE, What's needed to get vulkan working with wine_devel-11.5?
If I set WINE_D3D_CONFIG="renderer=vulkan"
(environment variable) I get "Renderer Creation Failed!"
However, I can run vkcube with no problems.
Are there some WINE dxvk .dlls I need to copy from somewhere? How do people get Vulkan working with WINE 11 on FreeBSD?
Please boost and thanks!
RE: https://mastodon.social/@FreeBSDFoundation/116376576205179553
How the Foundation’s Laptop Support & Usability Project Came Together
#FreeBSD #Foundation <https://freebsdfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/goodkin.pdf> (PDF) | <https://freebsdfoundation.org/our-work/journal/browser-based-edition/laptop-desktop/how-the-foundations-laptop-support-usability-project-came-together/> (HTML) @FreeBSDFoundation
"… The Laptop Support & Usability Project is not just about laptops. It is about making FreeBSD more usable, more approachable, and more practical for the kinds of day-to-day use cases that help bring people into the community and keep them there. …"
@dgoodkin wow. Thank you. I haven't seen as good an overview of a complex project, and its context, in a long time. Years.
#desktop #laptop #usability #LSU
The Q1 2026 issue of the FreeBSD Journal is here.
This edition focuses on Laptop and Desktop systems, highlighting the work improving usability and performance across FreeBSD. Inside, you’ll find articles like Consolations for Kernel Hackers by Tom Jones, along with an inside look at how the Foundation’s Laptop Support & Usability Project came together, written by Deb Goodkin.
Read it here: https://freebsdfoundation.org/our-work/journal/browser-based-edition/laptop-desktop/
The latest #FreeBSD Journal just escaped! My Letters column contains some of the best advice I have ever offered system administrators. "Snuggle the pain" is only the beginning.
https://freebsdfoundation.org/our-work/journal/browser-based-edition/laptop-desktop/
boosted#FreeBSD Jail users!
@antranigv and I are organizing a weekly Jail/Zone/Container call to complement the #bhyve calls. The meeting is 10AM Pacific every Wednesday and will also alternate between a Developer a d Production User focus.
DM me an email address if you would like to be added to the invitation list!
To the two who have written, watch for an updated announcement in the next 24 hours.
New blog post: #FreeBSD 16 System Calls Table
https://alfonsosiciliano.gitlab.io/posts/2026-04-09-freebsd-16-system-calls.html
I wrote this mainly as personal notes to explore and kick off a new project, but it might be useful for others too.
#happycoding #UNIX #openSource #kernel #coding #syscalls #SystemCall
Dear friends of #BSDCafe - the BSD Cafe Journal needs some attention.
This isn't the best time for me to revive it myself, and that's exactly why I'm counting on you!
I'm sure you have great ideas, thoughts, projects, and articles that would fit perfectly in that space.
So don’t be shy 🙂
The BSD Cafe Journal is waiting for you!
#BSDCafeJournal #Blogging #RunBSD #FreeBSD #NetBSD #OpenBSD #DragonFlyBSD
Here is the CPU usage graph for the last 24 hours of the FediMeteo VM. A full 24 hours, during which a huge number of people are connecting, helped by the traction gained from being among the top stories on Hacker News and Lobsters, as well as the many shares across the Fediverse.
RAM usage? Active, around 450 MB. Then there is cache, ARC, and so on. But in practice, zero swap in use after days of uptime.
39 jails running, 39 snac instances, nginx serving the homepage, and HAProxy. HAProxy caching enabled. ZFS snapshots every 15 minutes, backups via zfs send and receive every hour. The same hourly schedule applies to the recalculation of cities, countries, and followers for the homepage.
All of this on a 4 euro per month FreeBSD VM.
If anyone has doubts about the quality and efficiency of FreeBSD, this is the data to show.
This morning, as the zfs-send/receive had finished its job during the night, I performed the last sync and moved FediMeteo from the previous 4 euros/month VPS - netcup - to a 4 euros/month VPS - OVH, Milano, Italy.
Thanks to #BastilleBSD and the jail setup, it was easy peasy.
So, the weather forecasts are now broadcast from Italy and the performance has skyrocketed - while still being served by a 4 euro/month VPS.
I suspect the netcup VM had been capped by the provider - but I'll investigate.
So...Ciao, FediMeteo!
In the past few days FediMeteo seemed to be having some performance trouble. I dug into it and only found minor issues, until I realised the VM itself had fallen off a cliff. After several reboots it became clear that both bandwidth and I/O latency had dropped to absurd levels. I suspect the provider slapped a cap on it.
So I took the chance to move everything to another VM and provider, still at 4 euro per month. And starting today, forecasts will be delivered straight from Italy. The performance jump feels like going from a storm to clear skies.
FediMeteo’s mission goes on. More countries are coming (stay tuned!) and we will keep aiming to serve everything from a 4 euro VM. I do have powerful hardware available, but proving that the project can run on tiny resources is still part of the mission.
#FediMeteo #FediMeteoAnnouncements #FediMeteoServices #VM #RunBSD #FreeBSD
Static Web Hosting on the Intel N150: FreeBSD, SmartOS, NetBSD, OpenBSD and Linux Compared
Update: This post has been updated to include Docker benchmarks and a comparison of container overhead versus FreeBSD Jails and illumos Zones.
#ITNotes #freebsd #illumos #jail #linux #netbsd #openbsd #ownyourdata #server #smartos #sysadmin #zoneshosting
This Isn't a Battle
After reading a post describing the FreeBSD community as 'toxic', I share a different perspective. This isn't a battle. It's a reflection on coexistence, the original Open Source spirit, and the quiet richness of taking a different path.
https://my-notes.dragas.net/2025/11/14/this-isnt-a-battle/
#MyNotes #IT #SysAdmin #FreeBSD #NetBSD #OpenBSD #Linux #OpenSource
Some technical details for those interested:
The entire FediMeteo setup runs on a FreeBSD VM costing around 4 euros per month. It supports almost all major EU countries (plus the UK), with just a few left to complete. Currently, there are 25 separate jails, each running its own instance of snac, totaling 25 instances. The VM load typically stays around 10%, which increases to 30% when updates are published for countries with larger numbers of cities (currently Germany and Italy). The only time the load spikes is when new countries are announced; during that time, all remote instances connect to all cities to download their details.
As for RAM usage, excluding the ZFS cache, it's currently a total of 213 MB. Yes, MB.
Client: Help, emergency. I have 24 hours to move my workload to another server. What do we do?
Me, five minutes later: "Done. Your workload is now running on the new server."
Client: "How did you move over 200GB with just a minute of downtime, from one provider to another and in a different country?"
Me: "Thanks to FreeBSD, ZFS, and a little bit of proactive planning."
I have a task that replicates all the VMs from one server to another every 15 minutes using zfs-send/zfs-receive. This VM connects to a VPN with two reverse proxies.
Meaning, when I move this VM, we don’t need to change any IPs since it’s not directly exposed.
I powered it off, cloned the differences in seconds, and restarted it.
Client in disbelief.
Me, relaxed and happy.
Thank you, FreeBSD, thank you, ZFS!
#FreeBSD #ZFS #TechSupport #ServerMigration #OpenZFS #SysAdmin #RunBSD
Announcing FediMeteo – Weather in the Fediverse!
UPDATE: I have created an account for updates and other information on FediMeteo - follow the account @admin to stay updated!
UPDATE: Ireland, Poland, Portugal and Switzerland have just been added
Weather has always influenced our lives: from agriculture to outdoor activities, to extreme events that, thanks to modern technology, can now be predicted with greater reliability. Personally, weather plays a significant role in my daily decisions, which is why I decided to create a service tailored for the Fediverse.
FediMeteo uses Open-Meteo data to publish updates every 6 hours, including current weather conditions, forecasts for the next 12 hours, and predictions for the upcoming days. Each country is served by its own dedicated instance (e.g., it.fedimeteo.com for Italy), managed through snac to ensure simplicity and efficiency in publishing.
You can follow FediMeteo directly in the Fediverse (on Mastodon and compatible platforms), via RSS, or by visiting the dedicated page for your city (e.g., fr.fedimeteo.com/paris).
Currently supported countries include:
Austria, Germany, France, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, – with many more regions coming soon!
FediMeteo is hosted on a FreeBSD-based VPS, with each country isolated in its own jail to ensure security and scalability.
Visit the main site to explore the national instances and start following your local weather updates today:
https://fedimeteo.com
Happy weather monitoring to all! 🌦️
FediMeteo is dedicated to my grandfather, who every evening would give me the weather forecast based on TV, radio, and his personal experience. He would convince me that the weather would be bad, so he had an excuse to accompany me to school instead of me going alone.
#FediMeteo #Announcements #FreeBSD #FediMeteo #WeatherForecasts #Weather #Meteo #snac #Fediverse #Mastodon
Right so my personal #snac instance seems to be working ok and I have managed to import all of the accounts I follow here on bsd.cafe . I'll still be using this account but will try and see how I get on with snac. You may notice that it always shows that I have no followers and that I'm not following anyone. This is intentional by the author of #snac as they feel numbers should not matter which is quite true. Feel free to follow me over there if you haven't already and hello to any new followers.
@justine@snac.smithies.me.uk
All of this is hosted in my #HomeLab on a #FreeBSd server jail running over my home FTTP connection. I'm impressed I've gotten this far. Next I'll be doing some html and css customisation's to theme it a little.
**BSD Mail Project Update!**
Hello everyone! I wanted to share some exciting updates about the development of BSD Mail, our privacy-focused email service designed with robustness, security, and transparency in mind. Here’s a deep dive into the technical choices I've made, focusing on my use of open source solutions and open protocols:
🌍 **Servers & Location**
- We're running on two physical servers:
- One hosted by OVH in France
- Another by Hetzner in Germany
- Both servers operate on FreeBSD with NVMe drives in a ZFS mirror configuration for speed and data integrity.
🔒 **Virtualization & Security**
- We utilize jails on both servers to ensure isolated environments for different services, managed via BastilleBSD. On one server, jails are set up directly on the hardware, whereas the other server employs nested jails.
- Each server hosts a bhyve VM running OpenBSD with OpenSMTPD for handling SMTP duties securely.
🔗 **Networking**
- A Wireguard setup connects the two servers, facilitating routing capabilities so that jails and VMs can communicate seamlessly, supporting both IPv4 and IPv6.
📧 **Email Services**
- **Dovecot** is configured for maildir replication across the servers using Dovecot sync, ensuring email availability and redundancy.
- **Rspamd** instances are tied to local KeyDB jails, set up in master-master replication for consistent and reliable spam detection and greylisting.
- **ClamAV** runs in corresponding jails for virus scanning, maintaining a high level of security.
- **SOGo** provides a web interface for email management, connected to MySQL databases in master-master replication to handle sessions and authentication smoothly.
💾 **Data Management**
- Email data is stored on separate, encrypted ZFS datasets to secure emails at rest.
- MySQL databases are used for storing credentials and managing sessions for SOGo, also in a master-master replication setup. Importantly, all passwords are securely hashed using bcrypt, ensuring they are salted and safe.
🔎 **Monitoring & Reliability**
- Our DNS is managed through BunnyNet, which continuously monitors our server status. Should one server—or a specific service—become unavailable, DNS configurations are dynamically adjusted to avoid directing users to the affected IP until full service is restored.
🌐 **Commitment to Open Source and Open Protocols**
- Every component of BSD Mail is built exclusively using open source software and open protocols. This commitment is crucial for ensuring data freedom and the reliability of the solutions we use.
This setup not only emphasizes our commitment to privacy and security but also our dedication to maintaining an open and transparent platform.
We're excited to bring you a service where your privacy, data integrity, and freedom are prioritized. Stay tuned for more updates!
#BSDMail #OpenSource #Privacy #FreeBSD #OpenBSD #EmailHosting #Email